Beijing: We have ‘will and means’ to counter tariffs

ation: Liu Rui/GT -    

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Big buyer: A container ship leaving Qingdao, China. United Nation’s data show US exports to China rose 684% between 2001 and 2024.— AP

BEIJING: China has called on the United States to remove unilateral tariffs as quickly as possible and work with it in the spirit of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation, in order to address respective concerns through dialogue and consultations on an equal footing, the Commerce Ministry says.

Chinese officials said on Wednesday that should Washington further intensify tariffs and restrictive measures against China, Beijing has the “firm will and abundant means” to fight until the end.

Their comments came after the State Council Information Office released on Wednesday a white paper titled China’s Position on Some Issues Concerning China-US Economic and Trade Relations, which noted that the recent US move of using tariffs as a coercive tool is a grave mistake and further exposes the typical unilateralist and bullying nature of the US government.

Since US President Donald Trump took office in late January, Washington has repeatedly imposed additional tariffs on China, and the tax rate on Chinese imports has now reached over 120%.

Noting that these actions could have a severe impact on China-US economic and trade relations, the white paper emphasised that the key is to respect each other’s core interests and major concerns and find proper solutions through dialogue and consultation.

The essence of China-US economic and trade relations is one of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, despite the inevitable differences and friction that arise between the two countries due to their different stages of development and distinct economic systems, according to the document.

Trade data from the United Nations shows that the value of US goods exported to China reached US$143.55bil last year, up 648.4% compared with the US$19.18bil recorded in 2001.

The growth in US exports to China has far outpaced the 183.1% increase in overall US exports during the same period.

Detailing the white paper, a Commerce Ministry official said, “With firm will and abundant means, China will resolutely take countermeasures and fight until the end if the United States insists on further escalating economic and trade-restrictive measures.”

There is no winner in a trade war, and China does not want a trade war, the official emphasised, adding that the Chinese government “will by no means stand idle when the legitimate rights and interests of its people are being hurt and deprived”.

The official said that it is a typical act of unilateralism, protectionism and economic bullying for the United States to take tariffs as a weapon of exerting maximum pressure and pursuing self-interest.

Under the guise of pursuing “reciprocity” and “fairness”, the United States is engaging in zero-sum games and, in essence, seeking “America First” and “American exceptionalism”, the official said.

The United States is exploiting tariffs to subvert the existing international economic and trade order, prioritising US interests above the global common good, and sacrificing the legitimate interests of countries worldwide to serve its own hegemonic agenda, he added.

Noting that the United States is also deliberately severing the well-established global industrial and supply chains and breaking market-oriented free trade rules, the official said these practices seriously interrupt the economic development of countries around the globe and affect the long-term stable growth of the world economy.

Lin Jian, a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, said at a daily news conference on Wednesday that “if the United States disregards the interests of the two countries and the international community and stubbornly persists in the tariff war and trade war, China stands ready to fight to the end”.

Cui Fan, a professor of international trade at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, said, “A trade war, for sure, produces no winner, but the United States is destined to suffer greater losses than others.”

On Tuesday, Goldman Sachs raised the odds of a recession in the United States to 45%, just a week after it said the odds were at 35%, as fears of an impending trade war increased.

It also revised its forecast for this year’s gross domestic product growth in the United States to 1.3%, down from 1.5% and cautioned about the possibility of a bear market.

Cui said the US tariff hikes will estrange allies, disrupt market dynamics, and provoke retaliatory actions that will reverberate throughout supply chains and hit US consumers hard.

More importantly, the measures fail to provide a clear path for the United States to regain its competitive edge in key industries, he added.

Navin Girishankar, president of the Economic Security and Technology Department at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, said, “You can’t fight a trade war and then expect to win a tech war.”

Highlighting industries such as semiconductors, artificial intelligence and clean energy that largely rely on international collaboration, Girishankar said that tariffs would increase costs and reduce efficiency, eroding the ability of the United States bto compete in such sectors. — China Daily/ANN

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Trump tariffs pile stress on ailing world economy; China to impose tariffs of 34% on all US goods from April 10

US President Donald Trump. — Reuters

The latest round of US trade tariffs unveiled on Wednesday will sap yet more vigour from a world economy barely recovered from the post-pandemic inflation surge, weighed down by record debt and unnerved by geopolitical strife.

Depending on how President Donald Trump and leaders of other nations proceed now, it may also go down as a turning point for a globalised system which until now had taken for granted the strength and reliability of America, its largest component.

“Trump’s tariffs carry the risk of destroying the global free-trade order the United States itself has spear-headed since the Second World War,” said Takahide Kiuchi, chief economist at Nomura Research Institute.

But in coming months it will be the plain and simple price-hiking – and therefore demand-dampening – effects of new levies applied to thousands of goods bought and sold by consumers and businesses across the planet that will prevail.

“I see it as a drift of the US and global economy towards worse performance, more uncertainty and possibly heading towards something we could call a global recession,” said Antonio Fatas, macroeconomist at the Insead business school in France.

“We are moving into a world which is worse for everyone because it is more inefficient,” said Fatas, who has acted as a consultant for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank.

Speaking in the White House Rose Garden, Trump said he would impose a 10% baseline tariff on all imports and held up a chart showing higher duties on some of the country’s biggest trading partners, including 34% on China and 20% on the European Union.

A 25% auto and auto-parts tariff was confirmed earlier.

Trump said the tariffs would return strategically vital manufacturing capabilities to the United States.

Under the new global levies imposed by Trump, the US tariff rate on all imports jumped to 22% – a rate last seen around 1910 – from just 2.5% last year, said Olu Sonola, head of US economic research at Fitch Ratings.

“This is a game changer, not only for the US economy but for the global economy,” Sonola said. “Many countries will likely end up in a recession.”

IMF managing director Kristalina Georgieva told a Reuters event this week she did not see global recession for now.

She added the IMF expected shortly to make a small downward “correction” to its forecast of 3.3% global growth this year.

Different impact

But the impact on national economies is set to diverge widely, given the spectrum of tariffs ranging from 10% for Britain to 49% to Cambodia.

If the result is a wider trade war, that would have even larger repercussions for producers like China, which would be left hunting for new markets in the face of wilting consumer demand across the globe.

And if the tariffs push the United States itself towards recession, that will weigh heavily on developing countries whose fortunes are closely tied to those of the world’s largest economy.

“What happens in the United States doesn’t stay in the United States,” said Barry Eichengreen, professor of economics and political science at the University of California, Berkeley.

“The economy is too big and too connected to the rest of the world via trade and capital flows for the rest of the world to be unaffected.”

The knock-on effects for policy-makers in central banks and governments are also potentially large.

An unravelling of the supply chains which for years kept a lid on prices for consumers could lead to a world in which inflation tends to run “hotter” than the 2% which central bankers currently agree is a manageable target to aim for.

That would complicate decisions for the Bank of Japan, which may face pressure to combat too-high inflation with more interest rate hikes just as its major counterparts eye cuts, and as its export-reliant economy takes a hit from US duties.

Auto exporters Japan, hit with a 24% reciprocal tariff rate, and South Korea, which was imposed a 25% rate, have signalled plans to take emergency measures to support businesses hit by the higher US levies.

Economies with weaker output growth would leave governments struggling even more to pay down the world’s record US$318 trillion debt load and find money for budget priorities ranging from defence spending to climate action and welfare.

And what if the tariffs do not bring about Trump’s oft-stated goal of encouraging business to invest in domestic US manufacturing, given the domestic labour shortages already facing a country with close to full employment?

Some see him seeking other ways to remove the US global trade deficit that riles him so much – for example by demanding that others join in a re-balancing of foreign exchange rates to the advantage of US exporters.

Risky moves

“We are going to continue to see him putting out there potentially more risky ways of dealing with the continuous strength of the US dollar,” said Freya Beamish, chief economist at investment strategy firm TS Lombard.

Such moves could jeopardise the privileged position of the US dollar as the world reserve currency of choice – an outcome few predict, if only because there are for now no real alternatives to the US dollar.

Nonetheless, European Central Bank president Christine Lagarde on Wednesday told an event in Ireland that Europe needed to act now and accelerate economic reforms to compete in what she called an “inverted world”.

“Everyone benefited from a hegemon, the United States, that was committed to a multilateral, rules-based order,” she said of the post-Cold War era of low inflation and growing trade in an open global economy.

“Today we must contend with closure, fragmentation and uncertainty.” — Reuters

Mark John, Francesco Canepa and Leika Kihara write for Reuters. The views expressed here are the writers’ own.

China to impose tariffs of 34% on all US goods from April 10

The Chinese national flag is seen in Beijing, China April 29, 2020. REUTERS/Thomas Peter/File Photo

BEIJING: China on Friday announced a slew of additional tariffs and restrictions against U.S. goods as a countermeasure to sweeping tariffs imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump.

The Finance Ministry said it would impose additional tariffs of 34% on all U.S. goods from April 10.

Beijing also announced controls on exports of medium and heavy rare-earths, including samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium to the United States, effective April 4.

"The purpose of the Chinese government's implementation of export controls on relevant items in accordance with the law is to better safeguard national security and interests, and to fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation," the Commerce Ministry said in a statement.

It also added 11 entities to the "unreliable entity" list, which allows Beijing to take punitive actions against foreign entities. - Reuters 

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